Searching for information about transportation options in Tanzania? Let's go! Dala-dala, buses, bajaj, 4x4, trains, ferries and dhows: here's everything you need to know about the typical modes of transport in this beautiful East African nation.

The dala-dala, Tanzania's emblematic public transport

The dala-dala is the main mode of public transportation in Tanzania. It's a characteristic Tanzanian minibus, a sort of colorful van that traverses the country's roads. Its name derives from the English word "dollar", referring to the fixed fare originally charged for each journey.

How does the dala-dala work?

Dala-dalas have no official routes. To identify the right vehicle, read the destination written on a sign placed on the windshield. Departures are frequent, and you'll rarely wait more than ten minutes before boarding. These vehicles primarily serve rural areas and only operate during daylight hours (this type of transport is not permitted at night).

The dala-dala is inexpensive: approximately €0.50 per person. The vehicle makes numerous stops to pick up and drop off passengers. Once aboard, hand your payment to the conductor's assistant (mpigadebe).

What to expect?

Designed to accommodate around twenty passengers, dala-dalas are always packed (at least 30-35 people), and sometimes passengers cling to the outside as well. You'll need to elbow your way to find space, surrounded by passengers packed like sardines (some dala-dalas even have a third person responsible for organizing the space onboard…).

A dala-dala journey is nonetheless an opportunity to meet local people and observe their way of life. Solidarity prevails in dala-dalas. Despite the crowding, passengers are respectful and honest. Consequently, altercations and theft are extremely rare.

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Note:

This type of transport isn't ideal if you're traveling with heavy luggage. Local passengers often place their bags… wherever they can! It's not uncommon to see sacks of rice, suitcases, or furniture on the roof. Your neighbor might be transporting fish or livestock… If the dala-dala isn't already overflowing, you can purchase the equivalent of two seats for a bit more space.

Dala-dalas in Zanzibar

In Zanzibar, the dala-dala concept is slightly different: these are rather camionnettes with wooden benches arranged face-to-face at the rear of the vehicle. They follow fixed routes between major bus stations and serve practically all island destinations.

The bajaj

The bajaj is nothing more than the Tanzanian tuk-tuk, a motorized tricycle that serves as a taxi. This type of vehicle can transport up to three passengers and is ideal for traveling on smaller roads that aren't always easily passable – where conventional vehicles don't venture.

The bajaj is also a good alternative when traffic is heavy. Due to its small size, it easily weaves through other vehicles and allows you to move freely during congestion.

The bus

The local bus is the most commonly used public transport in Tanzania for long journeys across the country. Numerous lines ensure regular connections between major cities, such as Arusha - Nairobi.

There are also express buses, faster due to fewer stops. Less crowded, more punctual, and equipped with air conditioning, they serve major routes, such as Dar es-Salaam - Arusha.

The 4x4

Like the dala-dala or bajaj, the 4x4 is a widely used vehicle in Tanzania. It allows you to travel freely and tackle any type of road. Safe and comfortable, the 4x4 is also the preferred vehicle for wildlife excursions…

A tip? Opt for a safari with a Tanzanian driver! Beyond mastering vehicle operation, this professional will share their culture and knowledge about endemic fauna and flora. They'll also prioritize trails better suited for observing wildlife.

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With Détours Tanzanie, experience a customized safari circuit in Tanzania. Our team organizes personalized safaris through iconic parks like Tarangire, Serengeti, or Ngorongoro, for an authentic experience immersed in the wilderness.

The train

There are two major railway lines in Tanzania. The first, named TAZARA (Tanzania Zambia Railway), stretches over 1,800 kilometers from Dar Es Salaam to Zambia. The second, named Central line, connects Dar Es Salaam to Kigoma.

Ideal for very long journeys, the train in Tanzania is an adventure… Delays (frequent), extreme slowness, unexpected stops: this means of transport holds many surprises. But it's also an opportunity to observe pristine nature and share memorable moments with the local population.

The dhow

All along the coast, traditional dhows continue to link major ports: Zanzibar, Pemba, Dar es-Salaam, Tanga, Bagamoyo, and Mombasa, as well as smaller localities such as Kilwa Kivinje, Lindi, Mikindani, and Mtwara.

However, maritime regulations limit their use: non-residents cannot officially travel on non-motorized dhows, nor on those linking Zanzibar to Dar es-Salaam. For a safer and legal crossing, it's better to contact a coastal hotel, which is often able to arrange transportation.

The ferry

Ferry connections exist on Lake Victoria, Lake Tanganyika, and Lake Nyasa, as well as between Dar es-Salaam, Zanzibar, and Pemba. Although these boats can be slow and crowded, they represent an authentic way to explore these regions while getting closer to Tanzanian people. Crossings on Lakes Tanganyika and Nyasa will impress you with their breathtaking views of surrounding landscapes and picturesque lakeside villages.

1. : Fast ferries exist that link mainland Tanzania to Zanzibar and Pemba.

The boda-boda

Boda-bodas (motorcycle taxis) are omnipresent in cities and villages. Very practical for covering short distances, they easily weave through traffic. However, this mode of transport remains risky, as few drivers wear helmets. If you choose this option, always demand a helmet for yourself, even for short trips. Prices vary by distance but generally remain very affordable.

The truck

In much of the country's western regions, where road infrastructure remains limited, trucks frequently serve as public transportation. The fare is similar to buses, but comfort is lesser: passengers sit or stand in the back, often amid merchandise. This informal system remains widely used by the local population.

FAQ

What other internal transportation modes are available in Tanzania?

Beyond taxis (present in all major cities) and airplanes, you can also travel by motorcycle or bicycle, practical for exploring Zanzibar's coastline. It's also possible to rent a car, but note that driving is on the left and an international driving permit is required. Hitchhiking is another option, but it's a practice discouraged for foreign travelers for safety reasons.

What is the price of a taxi in Tanzania?

Prices vary by city. On average, a city ride costs between €2 and €4, and a trip to the airport around €10 to €20. Agree on the fare before departure.

Is Uber available in Tanzania?

Uber is available in major Tanzanian cities, particularly in Dar es-Salaam and Arusha. Bolt, Uber's competitor, is also present and often cheaper.

How do you get from Tanzania to Zanzibar?

The island is accessible by ferry or plane. Azam Marine and Zan Fast Ferries offer daily connections between Dar es-Salaam and Zanzibar.

How do you travel around Zanzibar?

You'll find dala-dalas, taxis, and bajaj. To explore the island freely, you can rent a car or scooter, but you'll need to obtain a temporary local permit.

What budget should you plan for car rental in Tanzania?

Rental rates vary depending on the vehicle type. Expect between €50 and €130 per day for a city car, and up to €300 for a safari 4x4. If you prefer to travel with a driver-guide, budget an additional €40 per day.

What is the best way to travel in Tanzania?

The best way to travel in Tanzania depends primarily on your priorities. Domestic flights save time, but their cost remains high. Buses are an economical option, though journeys are long. For safaris or circuits in parks, nothing beats a 4x4 with a driver-guide – safe, comfortable, and enriching at once.